Sunday, September 30, 2012

Why does China-bashing attract American voters? (Or does it?)

Posted by Professor Wenfang Tang




The effort to demonize China:
There is a lot of talk about the polarization of political parties in the U.S. these days. But party candidates from the left or the right, liberal or conservative, seem to unite on one issue – bashing China. 

 

In this game, party candidates compete to paint the darker picture of China in order to get more votes.

For their part, voters are disillusioned by major shocks such as losing their jobs or their homes, or by the simple fact that they can no longer spend money they don’t have by borrowing.  

More importantly, voters need to find someone, a target, against whom to vent. No candidate wants to tell them that we as a country need to cut costs. Neither do they want to tell voters that they should pay more taxes.  

So let’s blame all the problems on China. After all, China steals our jobs by producing cheaper products with unfair government subsidies. It pirates our technology so that our companies lose billions. It manipulates the value of its currency so that they can sell us more than they buy from us. It violates human rights by putting dissidents in jail. 

The presidential candidates from both parties are calling China cheaters and liars. The Obama Administration has filed several trade complaints against China, just in time for the end run toward re-election. For his part, Mitt Romney has promised that if he is elected, the first thing he will do is to declare China a “currency manipulator”, whatever that means. 

I called a friend in China and told her about the Romney flier. 

I received a Romney flier in the mail which claims that the 8.3 percent of jobs that were lost in America went to China.

I called a friend in China and told her about the Romney flier. She laughed sarcastically and told me that she was just forced to retire at 55 so that she can vacate her position for young people waiting in line, and that her son has been looking for a job for the past year since he graduated from college.

I am not an expert on currency manipulation. As a consumer, I certainly enjoy the low prices of Chinese goods in American stores, which are sometimes even cheaper here than in China. That’s despite the fact that the average American income is many times higher than in China. 

The China bashers say that we borrow money from China and then spend it there. When I look at the some 1,800 Chinese students on campus and the several hundred million dollars they bring from home each year, I cannot help but think that China is subsidizing the U.S. government and boosting local American economies, at least in the college towns that increasingly attract them. 

I want to vote for someone who can figure out how to get along with China. 

Bashing China can only postpone solving the problems in the U.S., such as overspending, special interest domination, and the disproportionate privileges that the rich enjoy. 

The Chinese share the same need for dignity and pride as do Americans, and in fact, as any human beings. Calling the Chinese cheaters and liars only creates more anti-U.S. sentiment, of which we already have plenty to deal with in the world.  

The UCLA political scientist John Zaller, during his recent visit to the University of Iowa, said that political scientists should try to figure out how people can get along, not how to compete with each other. 

China is the second largest economy in the world and will probably surpass the U.S. and become the largest economy in the next decade. 

I want to vote for someone who wants to get along with China, and who can focus on solving the domestic problems here at home.  

More importantly, I want to vote for someone who can look beyond the short-term electoral game and work on America’s long-term national and international interests, which are significantly entwined with China and depend to a large extent on how our two countries will get along.

Saturday, September 29, 2012

Internships related to the IR Major

Internships Related to the IR Major

Posted by Associate Professor Lai



For those of you who attended the IR major open house, one topic of conversation was internships that are related to the major. AmbassadorRon McMullen discussed the State Department internship. I strongly encourage all of you to pursue an internship opportunity if you can. An internship is incredibly helpful for pursuing a career in any field, particularly in a foreign policy related job. Below are some links to internship opportunities.


The Pomerantz Career Center has useful information on the entire internship process, ranging from finding and preparing to what to do after you have completed your internship.

The Washington Center is a popular internship program with students at Iowa. This program assists you in finding an internship and provides housing. It also allows you to earn UI credit.

Tippie also has internship programs in places like London, Madrid, Paris, and Hong Kong. These are similar to the Washington Center in terms of their design.

Here is a list of other internship opportunities with the US government, International Organizations, NGOs, and think tanks.This is not a comprehensive list but should provide you with some opportunities.

US Government







International Organizations




IMF 

NATO 

Think Tank/NGOs (Many of these have a particular ideological approach to foreign policy so you should check the group before deciding to apply)


CSIS 














CARE 




 

 
 
 












Tuesday, September 18, 2012

The Eurozone Crisis and International Relations

The Eurozone Crisis and International Relations
Posted by: Bartholomew Watson, Visiting Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science

One of the most interesting parts of the ongoing global economic downturn for IR scholars has been the corresponding Eurozone crisis. Part cause and part result of the broader global downturn, the Eurozone crisis has resulted from the ongoing and escalating debt trouble of a number of Eurozone countries, primarily in Southern Europe. (See the NY Times topic page on the crisis for more information and a wealth of statistics on debt, deficits, and bond yields: http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/subjects/e/european_sovereign_debt_crisis/index.html)

The political negotiations over how to solve this crisis have exposed deeper national disagreements over the proper political and economic governance of Europe. On one side are lender countries like Germany that want to see more fiscal discipline and want to see any financial assistance tied to reforms in government spending. On the other are the debtors, such as Greece and Spain, who see austerity as a straightjacket that prevents the flexibility needed to jumpstart economic growth. Neither side has showed much willingness to move forward on solutions without assurances that their concerns will be met.

Although the Eurozone countries represent only a sub-set of the European Union countries, this stasis has threatened the forward momentum of the European project and the emergence of a unified “Europe” in international politics. (See http://www.southerncenter.org/EU_L2_A3_teacher_resource_2_6_p111.pdf for a good summary of the overlapping European organizations). Both economically and politically, the European Union has been a more active political actor on the international stage in recent years, but the Eurozone crisis, and subsequent political conflict, has threatened this growing international coordination between European countries.

Nevertheless, all is not lost for those who would like to see Europe as a more unified political actor in international relations. Two events in the past week suggest that the European project may be back on track and that solutions to the Eurozone crisis can indeed be found through collective action.

The first was a favorable ruling by the German Constitutional Court. The Court was ruling on whether Germany’s participation in the European Stability Mechanism (ESM) was legal under Germany’s constitution. The ESM is a plan by the European Central Bank (ECB) to build a bailout fund to purchase government bonds of failing EU economies. Without Germany, the deal was certain to unravel, being unable to provide financial markets the assurances that the ESM was designed to provide. The ruling was not universally positive for supporters of Europe (the court placed limits on Germany’s role and the lending process), but the court ruled that the basic structure of Germany’s participation in the ESM was legal, clearing a path for Germany to participate in the ESM.

The second positive sign was political. In the Netherlands (also a Eurozone country), Dutch voters reversed an anti-European electoral trend and elected a pro-Europe coalition led by the Liberal (VVD) party. Placed amidst the Eurozone crisis, it appears that voters (at least in the small, export-reliant Netherlands) still see benefits from European membership.


Party
Seats
Change
VVD (Liberals)
41
+10
PvdA (Labor)
38
+8
Freedom Party
15
-9
Socialist
15
0
Christian Democratic Appeal
13
-8
Democrats 66
12
+2
Christian Union
5
0
Green Left
4
-6
Reformed Political Party
3
+1
50 plus
2
+2
Party for the Animals
2
0



Just as important for European politics was the declining appeal of the Freedom Party, one of a number of nationalist, anti-immigration, far-right parties that have thrived in the last decade across Europe. Other examples include the French National Front, the Swiss People’s Party, and the Italian Northern League. Although these parties vary in their specific party platforms, they typically share a uniform, anti-EU rhetoric. Although the Freedom Party started the campaign with a strong position in the polls, it steadily faded over the course of the campaign to the benefit of more pro-Europe parties.

The European political roller-coaster will certainly have more twists and turns in the coming years. More evidence will emerge slowly, however, and national elections in Germany and Italy (both tentatively scheduled for 2013) will begin to show whether this week marked the turning point toward greater cooperation and coordination among European countries or was merely a blip in the fracture of the Eurozone.

** Professor Watson will be teaching a class on the European Union in the Spring 2013 semester.

Wednesday, September 12, 2012

IR Major Open House

Posted by IR Major

Interested in being an International Relations major or minor?  Please join the Political Science Department at an open house for the New International Relations Major!  On Friday, September 21, from 12-2 pm, we’ll be in the Commons (SH 302) ready to tell you all you need to know about majoring in IR.  Faculty will be on hand to answer questions; handouts will be available on requirements and opportunities for the major.  If that’s not enough to entice you, we’ll also serve pizza!  If you plan to attend, please RSVP in the political science main office (341 SH) or by email to jessica-herndon@uiowa.edu.  We hope you’ll stop by!



Tuesday, September 11, 2012

9/11 as remembered through Twitter

Posted by Professor Boynton

I summon up remembrance of thing past

Current international affairs are largely a remembrance of things past. Lines on a map of ancient vintage set how we organize life today. Institutions such as the United Nations or the World Trade Organization from the past structure current political and economic activity. And there are more personal remembrances. One of these is 9/11. No further identification is needed. We all know/remember 9/11.

Today is 9/11. The New York City Police Department has been using Twitter to memorialize those of their members who were victims on that day (Fitzpatrick, 9/10/2012).

Police Officer Mark Ellis, TD-4 | End of Tour: 9/11/01 ~ ow.ly/dz2cU #neverforget

And many more for those who died.

But the police are not the only ones using Twitter to express their remembrance of the event. I started counting Twitter messages mentioning 9/11 in 2010. That first year I did not get the ninth, and I only got the second half of 9/10. So the numbers the first year are not as complete as later.

9/9
9/10
9/11
9/12
2010
45,526
201,384
40,276
2011
256,602
294,742
371,714
203,251
2012
85,500
218,174 
                   382,912

In 2011 Twitter was used more than a million times to remember, to never forget, to express continued concern, and lack of understanding of how this could have happened. And Twitter messages are only a small window into our continuing concern.

Our remembrance has become the lynchpin of the war on terror which we have been fighting for a decade. Wars, bombings, large government agencies devoted to stopping terrorism, scanners for surveillance at transportation points like airports, even shoes -- they are all a remembrance of that event propelling us and them to current action.

Of course, there was terrorism before 9/11. The State Department was keeping a record before 2001 so we can have a sense of the prior incidence. These are their numbers from 1982 to 2003.

Total International Terrorist Attacks, 1982-2003
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
2000
01
02
03
487
497
565
635
612
665
605
375
437
565
363
431
322
440
296
304
274
395
426
355
198
190

These are the numbers after a decade. (U.S. Department of State . . ., 7/31/2012)

Attacks Worldwide
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
14,415
11,663
10,968
11,641
10,283

Today we have much more to remember.

References

Fitzpatrick, Alex (9/10/2012) New York Police Use Social Media to Memorialize 9/11 Victims, Mashable.

U. S. Department of State National Counterterrorism Center: Annex of Statistical Information (7/31/2012) Country Reports on Terrorism

United States Department of State (4/2004) Patterns of Global Terrorism 2003, p. 176

Tuesday, September 4, 2012

Twitter, Facebook, Webpage

Posted by IR Major

Be sure to follow us on Twitter (https://twitter.com/UI_INTLRELATION)

and like us on Facebook (http://www.facebook.com/UniversityOfIowaInternationalRelationsMajor)

and check out our webpage for information on the major (http://clas.uiowa.edu/international-relations/)

Pondering Career Options for International Relations Majors

Posted by Ambassador Ronald K. McMullen

Coming from a small town in Iowa, my international horizons were pretty limited when I first went off to college.  I soon discovered that my favorite courses were world geography, international relations, foreign policy, comparative politics, and related topics.  I was determined to engage with the world in some meaningful way, but what sorts of opportunities were open to International Relations majors?  How could I best prepare myself?  I was completely clueless.  When my worried parents asked about post-graduation employment, I said (only half-jokingly) that if all else failed, I could probably become a mail man.

However, due to good fortune, sage advice, and lots of hard work, I became a Foreign Service Officer (FSO), spending 30 years as an American diplomat living, working, or traveling in 91 countries.  In my opinion, being an FSO is the best job in the world.  

Majoring in International Relations could lead to a rewarding career with the U.S. government in the fields of diplomacy, intelligence, security, law enforcement, international economics, management, policy planning, and many others.  While the State Department is the premier U.S. foreign affairs agency (see careers.state.gov), many other government entities maintain a substantial presence abroad, including elements of the Departments of Defense, Justice, Homeland Security, Treasury, Agriculture, and Transportation, as well as the Centers for Disease Control, the Peace Corps professional staff, and the Agency for International Development.

International organizations, such as the United Nations and its many specialized agencies (such as UNDP, UNICEF, UNHCR, UNEP, etc.), are another potential career path.  Check out intlorganizationjobs.state.gov for a comprehensive list of international organization job vacancies and internships.  The State Department updates this list every two weeks.

Possible private-sector options include working for an international corporation, think tank, major consulting group, or an international non-governmental or non-profit organization.

How can you best position yourself to land a highly competitive professional position in the field of international relations?

I have some very specific recommendations, particularly about becoming an FSO, that I’ll be sharing at a series of presentations around campus this semester.  One immediate recommendation is for seniors and graduate students to sign up at careers.state.gov to take the State Department’s Foreign Service Officer Test in October.  That’s the first step of the three-step FSO selection process.  I’ll provide tips and suggestions for passing this written exam at the presentations.
 
HERE’S WHAT YOU CAN DO NOW:

In general, recruiters in international relations fields look for academic firepower, sound judgment, leadership potential, language aptitude, cross-cultural interpersonal skills, and foreign experience.  You also need to have a service orientation and an exploring gene to be happy and successful.

Be an Excellent Student:  Study hard and take tough courses.  Grades matter.  When you’re competing with 20 other applicants for a job or internship, many employers won’t even consider a candidate with a 3.25 GPA or lower, or those who are academic dilettantes.  Don’t blow off class on Friday after a rowdy time downtown Thursday night.

Be a Good Citizen: If you’re looking for a top-tier internship or job that requires a security clearance or background check (and most do), a problem with money, drugs, or alcohol can be a show-stopper.  Any marijuana or other illegal drug use in the last 12 months is a disqualification for many sensitive federal government positions.  Watch what you post on social media.  Keep your credit ratings good and avoid repeated misdemeanor charges or fines indicating poor judgment.  If wearing orange socks were to become illegal, don’t wear orange socks.

Seek Out Leadership Opportunities:  Work with student organizations, church or community service groups, Habitat for Humanity, or other organizations to demonstrate your service orientation and leadership potential.  Debate, forensics, and Model UN can provide excellent leadership opportunities.  If you’re a high achiever, consider applying for Truman, Marshall, Rhodes, PMF, Pickering, or Pathways scholarships, internships, or fellowships.

Show Language Aptitude:  Demonstrate that you’re able and willing to learn another language.  Taking a couple of introductory college French classes is good, but you’ll learn to use French more effectively if you’re studying, interning, or working in Dakar, Lille, or Quebec.  Take a foreign language relevant to your region of interest.  If you hope to work in Latin America but don’t speak even a little Spanish or Portuguese, forget it.

Develop Cross-Cultural Perspectives:   I spent the first 18 years of my life around people just like me.  Foreign affairs employers want to know that you could happily and successfully live among and work with people of different backgrounds, cultures, values, and world views.  You can help develop these skills by interacting with foreign students, multi-ethnic student groups, refugee assistance organizations, heritage language clubs or associations, and learning about different religions.  After college, consider Teach for America or AmeriCorps/Vista to garner experience in places (perhaps) dissimilar to your home town. 

Get Foreign Experience:  Study abroad programs and international internships are excellent ways to gain foreign experience as a student.  Every summer the State Department offers 1,000 student internships, half in Washington and half overseas.  (Again, see careers.state.gov for details.)  Many UN specialized agencies offer student internships.  Besides internships and study abroad opportunities, some students consider going on a mission with a church group, participating in International Habitat for Humanity or another international NGO, or working overseas during a summer (even if not in a professional-track job).  After college consider joining the military, becoming a Peace Corps Volunteer, or teaching English overseas to gain foreign experience. 

For Example:   The average entry age into the Foreign Service is about 29; a successful candidate might be an individual who has a strong undergraduate education (University of Iowa International Relations major with a GPA of 3.6), has garnered some international experience (Peace Corps Volunteer in Nepal working on rural microfinance), earned an advanced degree (MBA from the University of Iowa’s Tippie School), and then entered the Foreign Service in the Economics career track.

Posted by:

Visiting Associate Professor
The University of Iowa
(319) 335-0901
338 SH